慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重与季节变化及气象因素的相关性研究

Association of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with seasonal and meteorological factors

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)急性加重的季节特点及其与气象因素的关系。方法:收集广州市花都区人民医院2008年1月至2017年12月确诊为慢阻肺急性加重的4 605例住院患者的临床资料及同期的气象资料,比较各个月份、季节之间慢阻肺急性加重住院人次的差异,并分析各气象因素与慢阻肺急性加重住院人次的关系。结果:慢阻肺急性加重的住院人次分布具有季节性高峰,高峰值均分布在冬春季节,高峰日为1月11日,高峰时期为10月14日-4月8日。Spearman相关分析显示慢阻肺急性加重住院人次与月平均风速关联最强(r=0.321,P<0.001),其次是月平均气温(r=-0.308,P<0.001)和月平均相对湿度(r=0.236,P=0.009)。月平均气温及月平均相对湿度是慢阻肺急性加重住院人次的独立影响因素。结论:慢阻肺急性加重季节性明显,住院高峰期主要集中在冬春季,且与月平均风速及月平均相对湿度呈正相关,与月平均气温呈负相关。掌握慢阻肺急性加重与季节变化及气象因素的相关性可为临床决策和医院科学管理提供依据。

Objective:To explore the seasonal characteristics of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) and its relationship with meteorological factors. Methods:Clinical data and meteorological data of 4 605 inpatients diagnosed as AECOPD in Huadu District People’s Hospital of Guangzhou from January 2008 to December 2017 were collected to compare the difference of the number of patients with AECOPD in different months and seasons,and to analyze the relationship between each meteorological factor and the number of patients with AECOPD. Results:The distribution of inpatients with acute exacerbation of COPD has a seasonal peak. The peak value is distributed in winter and spring. The peak day is January 11,and the peak period is from October 14 to April 8. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the number of inpatients with AECOPD had the strongest correlation with monthly average wind speed(r=0.321,P<0.001),followed by monthly average temperature(r=-0.308,P<0.001) and monthly average relative humidity(r=0.236,P=0.009). The average temperature and relative humidity were independent factors for the number of inpatients with AECOPD. Conclusion:The peak period of hospitalization was mainly in winter and spring,which was positively correlated with monthly average wind speed and relative humidity, and negatively correlated with monthly average temperature. To master the correlation between AECOPD,seasonal change and meteorological factors can provide basis for clinical decision-making and hospital scientific management.