科技社团的社会企业化发展:美国绿色建筑协会引介

Social-enterprization of Science and Technology Societies:Take the US Green Building Council for Example

我国科技社团普遍存在行政色彩浓厚、能力建设滞后、发展活力不足等突出问题,发达国家以社会企业化路径激活该类社会组织的做法及经验,对于我国具有启发和借鉴价值。该文选取美国科技社团成功实现社会企业化发展的典型案例--美国绿色建筑协会作为实证描述和分析的对象,具体解析其社会企业属性及商业运营、能源与环境设计领导力(LEED)第三方评价实践、环境和社会影响力及其公益机制等重点内容,从中为我国科技社团发展得出树立国际标准意识以打造创新引领能力、善用商业化手段以实现可持续财务、践行公益使命以确立组织的合法性、加强政策扶持以创造良好制度环境等对策建议。

There are many prominent problems in science and technology societies in China,such as strong administrative color,lagging capacity building and insufficient development vitality,which lag far behind the requirements of building an innovative country.The practice and experience of developed countries in activating social organizations with social enterprise paths is inspiring and valuable for China.This paper chooses the US Green Building Council,as a typical case of scientific and technological societies’social-enterprization.As the object of empirical description and analysis,we analyze its attributes as an environmental social enterprise,typical practices and successful experiences of LEED third-party evaluation,public welfare mechanism to enhance environmental and social impact.Basing on the above,we draw some suggestions for the development of science and technology societies in China,such as to have international standard consciousness and to build innovation-leading ability,making good use of commercial mechanism to achieve sustainable finance,innovating membership service mechanism toward an open,flexible and interactive system,and practicing social mission to ensure its legitimacy.