价值、动力与路径：精准扶贫场域中的大学生参与

Value,motivation and path:Participation of undergraduates in targeted poverty alleviation field

乡村振兴战略的落地需要建构一整套科学完善的治理机制,大学生的积极参与可以为精准脱贫的实现提供活力。借助并运用参与式治理理论,基于文献和经验的质性研究方法,在分析理论价值和现实价值的基础上,尝试探讨大学生参与精准扶贫的内生性动力和外发性动力,为精准扶贫中大学生参与“何以可能”提供学理辩护。以泰州学院船舶与机电工程学院和南京农业大学公共管理学院大学生暑期社会实践为案例,研究发现:任务思维严重,能动性不足;实践的功利性倾向,缺乏对帮扶内容的认识;参与帮扶的短暂性和不稳定性;人员选拔程序的非规范性及大学生志愿者责任和能力的缺失等是大学生参与精准扶贫面临的主要问题。为此,应完善帮扶机制,建构三位一体合作模式;提升培训的质量,完善培训内容与形式;充分发挥大学生党员干部的主力军作用;强化机制设计,拓展实践能力质量;识别服务资源,了解帮扶对象需求和搭建实践平台,丰富创新创业内容。

The implement of Rural Revitalization Strategy needs to build a complete set of scientific and perfect governance mechanism,the active participation of students provides vitality for the realization of targeted poverty alleviation.With the help of participatory governance theory and qualitative research methods based on literature and experience,this paper tries to explore the endogenous and exogenous motivation of students’participation in targeted poverty alleviation on the basis of analysis of theoretical and practical value,so as to provide theoretical justification for college students’participation in targeted poverty alleviation.Taking the summer poverty alleviation practice of students in School of Shipping and Mechanical Electrical Engineering Taizhou College and School of Public Administration Nanjing Agricultural University as examples,the study concludes that:serious task thinking and inactive;utilitarian tendency of practice,lack of understanding of the content of assistance;transient and unstable participation in assistance;personnel selection process.Non-standardization and the lack of responsibility and ability of Students’volunteers are the main problems facing students’participation in targeted poverty alleviation.We should improve the support mechanism and construct a trinity cooperation model;improve the quality of training,improve the content and form of training;give full play to the main role of college student Party members and cadres;strengthen the mechanism design,expand the quality of practical ability;identify service resources,understand the needs of the support objects and build a practical platform,enrich innovation content.