建立我国高校退出制度的逻辑依据、法律规范及其路径选择

The logical basis,legal norms and path choices for establishing the withdrawal system of Chinese colleges and universities

大学扩招之后我国高等院校数量增长速度明显加快,为经济与教育事业的快速发展作出了重要贡献。但经过20年的发展,其政策环境已经发生迁移,政策影响需要重新审视。为此,笔者通过数据与事例分析,论证高校不断显现的质量下降、生源危机、供给过剩和债务风险等问题,迫切要求我国建立高校退出制度,其间教师失业、高职扩招和放管服政策以及人力资本积累不应成为高校退出的顾虑,而事实上高校退出具有社会承载力和可行性。在此基础上,笔者从提出单位、审批单位、终止事由、学生安置、财产处理、终止后事宜以及退出流程七个维度总结我国关于高校退出的法律规范和操作程序,并从预警机制、退出标准、退出方式、善后机制四个环节探索我国高校退出的有效路径。

Because of university enrollment expansion,the number of Chinese colleges and universities is growing quickly,which has made an important contribution to the rapid development of economy and education.However,after 20 years of development,the policy environment has already changed,and the policy impact needs to be re-examined.Through data and case analysis,this paper demonstrates the decline in quality,the crisis of student resources,the oversupply and debt risk of colleges and universities,which require China to establish a withdrawal system of colleges and universities.Teachers’unemployment,higher vocational education enrollment expansion,delegate power and optimize service policies,and human capital accumulation should not be concern of the withdrawal of colleges and universities.It has social capacity and feasibility.We summarize the existing legal norms and operational procedures for the withdrawal of colleges and universities from the seven dimensions of proposing units,approving units,termination reasons,student placement,property processing,post-terminating matters,and withdrawal process.On this basis,we explore the effective withdrawal path from early warning mechanism,withdrawal criteria,withdrawal mode and after-care mechanism.