乡村振兴战略视野下农村“空心化”及其治理

Rural“Hollowization”and Its Governance from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization Strategy

乡村振兴战略的提出,为乡村振兴实现跨越发展提供了重要契机。然而,农村空心化现象是乡村振兴战略实现所要面对的现实问题。农村空心化主要表现为主体空心化、农村生产空心化、基础设施空心化以及基层组织涣散。这一现状若不加以治理,必然会引发农村治理的主体缺失、农村经济发展乏力和农村社会问题频发的后果。运用马克思的"经济生产-社会结构-政治领域-精神文化领域"的思想,从经济、制度、思想观念等因素出发探究农村空心化的主要原因;结合乡村振兴战略的新时代背景,从调动农民主体回归、大力振兴乡村经济,消除城乡二元对立,加强农村公共基础设施等维度出发,探寻乡村振兴战略视野下治理农村空心化的根本路径。

The proposal of rural revitalization strategy provides an important opportunity for rural revitalization to achieve leapfrog development. However, the phenomenon of rural hollowing out is a realistic problem to be faced in the realization of the rural revitalization strategy. The hollowing out of rural areas is mainly characterized by the hollowing out of the main body, rural production, infrastructure, and the degeneration of grassroots organizations. If this situation is not managed, it will inevitably lead to the lack of the main body of rural governance, the weak development of rural economy and the frequent consequences of rural social problems. Basing on the factors of economy, institution,ideological concepts, the thought of Marx’s" economic production-social structure-political field-spiritual culture field"can explore the main reasons for rural hollowing out. Combining with the new era background of rural revitalization strategy, it explores the fundamental path of managing rural hollowing out from the perspective of mobilizing farmers, the main body returns, vigorously revitalizing the rural economy, eliminating the duality between urban and rural areas, strengthening the rural public infrastructure and other dimensions.