我国南极磷虾捕捞与加工装备科技发展研究

Development of Technology for Antarctic Krill Fishing and Processing Equipment in China

南极磷虾资源具有巨大的开发和利用潜力,积极参与南极磷虾渔业开发,可有效促进我国远洋渔业的发展。专业性的捕捞和加工装备技术成为现代南极磷虾渔业的基本特征,是南极磷虾高效开发利用的重要保障。本文详细介绍了国外先进磷虾船装备的发展和应用现状,以及我国在南极磷虾捕捞装备和虾粉、虾油设备研发方面取得的进展,分析了国内在南极磷虾开发专业装备方面存在的差距和原因。针对我国南极磷虾船装备存在专业化程度低、生产工艺落后、缺乏核心技术等问题,在磷虾生态高效捕捞、精深加工工艺和资源探测评估技术方面提出重点研究方向,为我国南极磷虾高效开发和综合利用提供对策和建议。

Antarctic krill resources have great potentials for development and utilization.Actively participating in Antarctic krill fishery can effectively promote China’s pelagic fishery.Technologies for professional fishing and processing equipment are the basic characteristics and important guarantee of modern Antarctic krill fishery.This paper introduces the development and application status of advanced krill ship equipment in other countries.It also summarizes the progresses made by China in the research and development of equipment for Antarctic krill fishing as well as shrimp powder and oil manufacturing.Furthermore,it analyzes the gap and the underlying reason in professional equipment for Antarctic krill development between China and the world advanced level.Considering the low specialization,backward production technology,and lack of core technologies for fishery equipment of Antarctic krill boats in China,we propose some key research directions in the aspects of ecologically-friendly and efficient fishing,deep processing technology,and resource exploration and evaluation technology,and offer some countermeasures for the efficient development and comprehensive utilization of Antarctic krill.