论微观物体的动力学

On Dynamics of Microscopic Objects

矩阵力学与波动力学是量子力学中最基本的理论.利用这两种理论之间的等价性,把它们有机结合起来,寻找微观粒子的动力学方程.详细推导了氢原子中电子的动力学方程,同时给出了谐振子模型中的动力学方程.通过动力学方程详细考察了微观粒子的运动行为,发现它与宏观粒子的行为有很大不同,但过渡到宏观时又与经典力学一致.最后,运用动力学方程及有关基本原理解释波粒二象性、干涉与衍射现象以及电子扫描隧道显微镜的工作原理.

Matrix mechanics and wave mechanics are the most basic principles in quantum mechanics.Combined two theories to find the dynamic equation of micro-particles by the equivalence between them.The kinetic equation of electrons in hydrogen atoms was derived in detail,and the dynamic equation in the harmonic oscillator model was also given.The kinematic behavior of micro-particles was investigated in detail by dynamic equation.It is very different from the behavior of macroparticles,but in macro scale it becomes consistent with classical mechanics.Finally,the wave-particle duality,interference and diffraction phenomena,and working principle of Electronic Scanning Tunneling Microscope were explained by the dynamic equation and some related basic principles.