消氨菌的分离、鉴定及其急性经口毒性

Isolation, Identification and Acute Oral Toxicity of Ammonia-Removal Bacteria

为筛选出安全且能降低畜禽舍内氨气浓度的菌株,本研究从鸡粪、活性淤泥等6个样本中分离单一菌株,检测菌株的除氨效果,并对较优除氨功能的菌株进行鉴定和急性经口毒性试验。结果表明,分离到两株单一菌株,经检测其中一株具有较强除氨能力,初步鉴定该菌株属于金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium);经急性经口毒性试验发现,菌液对小鼠半数致死量(LD 50)大于20 g/kg BW,属实际无毒级;处理14 d后,小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(AST)、谷草转氨酶(ALT)、尿素(BUN)、肌酐(Cre)、血糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)含量与对照组均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。因此,该菌安全无毒副作用,可应用于畜禽养殖业有害气体的消除。

The study was aimed to screen out bacteria strains which were safe and could reduce ammonia concentration in livestock and poultry houses.We isolated single strain from six samples including chicken manure,active sludge and so on,and tested their ammonia-removal effects.Then we selected the strain with better ammonia-removal effect and conducted the acute oral toxicity experiment.The results showed that two strains were isolated,and one of them had stronger ammonia-removal ability.It was preliminarily identified belonging to Chryseobacterium.The lethal dose(LD 50)of the bacterial solution to mice was more than 20 g/kg BW,so it belonged to the actual non-toxic level.After 14 days of treatment,there were no significant differences in serum alanine aminotransferase(AST),glutamic oxaloacetic aminotransferase(ALT),urea(BUN),creatinine(Cre),blood glucose(GLU),total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)contents between experimental group and control group(P>0.05).Hence,the bacterium was safe and non-toxic,which could be used to eliminate harmful gases in livestock and poultry industry.