脑死亡与无反应觉醒综合征的研究进展

Review of researches on brain death and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome

随着急救技术的发展,颅脑损伤患者的存活率大大提高,部分颅脑损伤患者会由昏迷转归为无反应觉醒综合征,也有一部分患者进展为脑死亡。文章就脑死亡和无反应觉醒综合征的判别标准,行为学、神经影像学和脑电差异展开综述,并分析了脑死亡和无反应觉醒综合征目前存在的伦理争议。

The recent development of emergency medicine is significantly increasing the survival rate of patients with traumatic brain injury. Some patients with traumatic brain injury can turn from coma to unresponsive wakefulness syndrome while some patients in coma may progress to brain death. The paper presents a review of the criteria for diagnosing brain death and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and the differences between behavioral science, neuroimaging technology and electroencephalography in diagnosing brain death and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome. It also analyzes the current ethical disputes over issues concerning brain death and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome.