中海拔地区护士职业倦怠现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis on the current situation of job burnout of nurse in moderate altitude area

目的:调查了解中海拔地区临床护士职业倦怠现状并分析其影响因素。方法:采取整群抽样法,选取西宁市2所三甲医院200名临床护士,运用一般资料调查问卷和护理人员职业倦怠问卷,评估护士职业倦怠情况。结果:情感耗竭、去人格化维度的职业倦怠整体检出率不高,且中海拔地区护士低于平原地区护士,而个人成就感维度的倦怠整体检出率很高,且中海拔地区护士低于平原地区护士;不同年龄、护龄、职称等级的护士情绪耗竭、去人格化维度职业倦怠得分比较存在显著差异(P<0.05);护士的护龄、日常情绪稳定性、性格特点、对规章制度的赞同与否、对护理工作的认可与否以及更换工作的意愿是职业倦怠的影响因素。结论:中海拔地区护士职业倦怠中低成就感情况严重,不同特点的护士职业倦怠存在差异,护理管理者应重视并采取积极措施,降低职业倦怠感,增强护士工作成就感,及时做好心理疏导,稳定护理队伍。

Objective:To investigate the job burnout of nurses in moderate altitude area and to analyze the related influencing factors.Methods:A total of 200 clinical nurses from two tertiary hospitals in Xining were selected.The general situation questionnaire and the international job burnout scale were used to evaluate.Results:In the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization,the detection rate of burnout was not high,and nurses in the middle altitude had lower emotional exhaustion and depersonalization degree than the large samples in the plain area.But in the sense of achievement,nurses in the middle altitude had higher achievement than those in plain area.Job burnout was significantly different among cases with different ages,working years and titles in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization degree(P<0.05).The major influencing factors of job burnout included nurses′working years,daily emotional stability,personality characteristics,rules and regulations agreeing or not,the recognition of nursing work and the willingness to change jobs.Conclusion:The middle altitude area nurses have a serious job burnout.There are differences in nurses′burnout with different characteristics.Nursing managers should pay attention to stabilize the nursing team.We can take active measures to reduce the sense of job burnout,enhance the sense of job satisfaction of nurses,and take psychological counseling timely.