论《与元九书》中的诗论思想及认识价值

On the Cognitive Value of Bai Juyi’s The Letter to Yuan Jiu

在汉儒政教诗学传统和白居易政治家身份的双重加持下,白氏在《与元九书》中表现岀因诗参政的原始动机,用比兴托喻的艺术手法传递诗歌观念,凸显岀白诗观下为政教目的而创作诗歌报道的鲜明的实用性和功利性。儒家思想中“穷则独善其身,达则兼济天下”的人生坐标在《与元九书》中进一步表现为“讽谕”和“闲适”两种类型的诗歌创作倾向一一忧患的“讽谕”和娱情的“闲适”,文如其人、人文合一的古典文学批评思想在白居易这里体现了高度的自觉性和实践性。透过白诗客观传播效果与主观传播意愿的冲突,可窥见乐天对自己因诗获罪的怨愤情绪,以及空间的开放性、人口的流动性、文化的积聚性等人文地理要素与文学之间的互动等问题。

Under the dual limiting of traditional poetry concepts and Bai Juyi's statesman status,Bai's poetry concepts such as motivation of poems participating in politics and artistic standards of metaphor are shown in his Letter to Yuan Jiu,which highlights the distinct practicability and utility of writing poetry reports for political and morality purposes under Bai's view of poetry.In Confucianism,the life coordinate of“when you failuer at something should master oneself while reaching the goal should helping the world”is further expressed in“Letter to Yuan Jiu”as the creation of two poems,namely“satire”and“leisure”:the sad“satire”and the amusement“leisure”,which jointly construct Bai Juyi's“Confucian character of singing poems for the public”and“poetic life of pottery writing emotions”.