延伸护理服务实践对肿瘤放疗出院患者自我效能及生活质量的影响

Effect of extended nursing service practice on self-efficacy and quality of life of patients discharged from tumor radiotherapy

目的:探索延伸护理服务实践对肿瘤放疗出院患者自我效能及生活质量的影响。方法:选取本院放疗科2016年1月至2018年12月肿瘤放疗出院患者87例,按照出院顺序先后均分为观察组(n=44)和对照组(n=43)。对照组给予出院指导和定期电话跟踪随访,观察组给予延伸护理服务实践工作模式,实施出院患者出院前实践指导,包括PICC带管出院护理、阴道冲洗和灌肠等。干预周期6个月,对比两组患者自护能力(ESCA)和自我效能及生活质量(EROTCQLQ-C30)评价结果。结果:出院当天,两组ESCA和自我效能及生活质量评分比较无明显差异(P> 0.05);干预6个月,观察组ESCA总评分、自我效能评分及生活质量各项功能评分及总评分均明显高于对照组,对照组出院后6个月内并发症发生率明显高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:延伸护理服务实践模式有助于提高肿瘤放疗出院患者自我护理能力、自我效能和生活质量,促进患者出院后康复效果。

Objective:To explore the effect of extended nursing service practice on self-efficacy and quality of life of patients discharged from tumor radiotherapy. Methods:Eighty-seven patients with radiotherapy from January 2016 to December 2018 in our hospital were enrolled. The patients were divided into observation group(n=44) and control group(n=43) according to the order of discharge. The control group was given follow-up guidance and regular telephone follow-up. The observation group was given the extended nursing service practice mode, and the pre-discharge practice guidance of the discharged patients was implemented, including PICC tube discharge care, vaginal irrigation and enema. The intervention period was 6 months, and the results of self-care ability(ESCA) and self-efficacy and quality of life(EROTCQLQ-C30) were compared between the two groups. Results:On the day of discharge, there was no significant difference in ESCA and self-efficacy and quality of life scores between the two groups(P > 0.05). After 6 months of intervention, the ESCA total score, self-efficacy score and quality of life scores and total scores of the observation group were significantly different. Compared with the control group, the complication rate of the control group was significantly higher than that of the observation group within 6 months after discharge, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusion:The extended nursing service practice model can improve the self-care ability, self-efficacy and quality of life of patients discharged from tumor radiotherapy, and promote the rehabilitation effect of patients after discharge.