腹部手术围手术期疼痛管理的研究进展

Research Progress of Perioperative Pain Management in Abdominal Surgery

腹部手术术后疼痛是限制患者术后快速康复的重要因素。术后急性疼痛除引起患者不愉快的情感体验,带来多种并发症外,还可能转变为慢性术后疼痛。腹部手术种类繁多,根据术式不同疼痛强度也不同。轻度疼痛只需单一的镇痛方案即可满足镇痛要求,重度疼痛往往需要多种镇痛方法联合应用。随着超声在临床上的推广,神经阻滞的成功率明显升高,并发症显著减少,适应证越来越广泛。目前临床应用较多镇痛方式为静脉镇痛与区域镇痛。

Postoperative pain is an important factor hindering the rapid recovery of patients after abdominal surgery.In addition to the unpleasant emotional experience and many complications,acute postoperative pain may also turn into chronic postoperative pain.There are many types of abdominal surgery,and the pain intensity varies according to the type of surgery.Mild pain requires only a single analgesic regimen,and severe pain often requires multiple analgesic methods.With the promotion of ultrasound in the clinic,the success rate of nerve block is significantly improved,resulting in significantly reduced complications,and wider indications.At present,intravenous analgesia and regional analgesia are the most commonly used analgesic methods.