回应型理论下人脸数据运用法律规制研究

Research on Legal Regulation of Face Data Application Based on Responsive Theory

近年来人脸识别的合法使用逐渐成为社会热点。人脸识别技术门槛渐次降低同时具备较高使用价值,人脸数据的不可更改致使侵权影响不可逆,导致人脸识别在具体应用中的脱法倾向愈发明显。本文通过探究美国、欧盟和我国人脸识别的法律规制路径,提出借助回应理论构建合宜的人脸识别法律规制。具体而言,以人脸识别的技术与数据特性为基础,分别从行业自律、专门立法、行政监管和司法救济四个方面构建多维度、多主体的人脸识别法律规制机制,最终为我国数据保护制度安排提供新的可能。

In recent years,the legal use of face recognition has gradually become a social hotspot.The face rec⁃ognition technology threshold is gradually lowered and has higher use value.The immutable face data makes the in⁃fringement effect irreversible,which leads to the obvious tendency in which the face recognition is out of law in spe⁃cific applications.This article explores the legal regulation of face recognition in the United States,the European Union,and China,and proposes to construct a suitable legal regulation for face recognition with the help of respon⁃sive theory.Specifically,based on the face recognition technology and data characteristics,a multi-dimensional and multi-agent face recognition legal regulation mechanism is constructed from the four aspects of industry self-disci⁃pline,specialized legislation,administrative supervision and judicial relief,and it provides new possibilities for the arrangement of China's data protection system.