多工况下基于子模型的矿砂船舱口角隅形状尺寸耦合优化分析

Analysis on the shape-size coupling optimization of ore carrier’s hatch corners based on sub-model under multiple load cases

[目的]针对以往优化船舶舱口角隅时只对角隅肘板形状进行优化的不足,提出一种角隅形状尺寸耦合优化方法。[方法]首先,提出适于优化的子模型选取原则和方法,并据此构建优化模型,解决以往不能保证子模型用于优化时的精度问题。然后,采用新的工况筛选方法选择用于优化的危险工况,解决船舶多工况计算量大的问题。最后,使用模拟退火算法对舱口角隅进行耦合优化,得到最优的形状尺寸设计,同时通过灵敏度分析筛选对应力敏感的设计变量,并只对其优化,得到与优化所有变量相近的结果,基于此给出矿砂船角隅的必要优化结构。[结果]结果显示,所提出的舱口角隅形状尺寸耦合优化方法,能在同等质量限制条件下使角隅应力水平下降更多,且计算成本低。[结论]所得结论可为实际矿砂船和其他船舶的结构优化设计提供参考。

[Objectives]In view of the defects of previous methods where only the shape of the corner bracket is optimized when optimizing the hatch corner,a shape-size coupling optimization method for hatch corners was proposed.[Methods]Firstly,t he principles and methods for selecting sub-models suitable for optimization were introduced and the optimization sub-model was constructed according to them to solve the problem of accuracy of sub-models for optimization that cannot be guaranteed by former methods.Then,a new screening method was adopted to select dangerous load cases for optimization to solve the high calculation cost caused by the massive load cases.Finally,the ore carrier's hatch corner was optimized using adapted simulated annealing algorithm and the finest design of hatch corner was acquired.At the same time,the design variables sensitive to stress were screened through sensitivity analysis,a nd the results acquired by optimizing these variables were close to those acquired by optimizing all variables.Based on this,the necessary optimized structures of ore carrier's hatch corner were given.[Results]Therefore,c ompared with former methods,the shape-size coupling optimization method proposed in this paper can reduce more stress of the hatch corner under the same mass constraint,a nd the calculation cost is low.[Conclusions]The conclusion can be taken as a reference for the actual structural optimization design of ore carriers and other ships.