认知格式塔整体场境中的存在意义——波兰尼《个人知识》解读

The Significance of Being in the Overall Context of Cognitive Gestalt——An Interpretation of Polanyi’s Personal Knowledge

以精密实验为基础的现代性的科学研究中,也包含着一些不可言传的技艺,甚至这恰恰是导致科学发现和科学家精神个性筑模中最重要的东西。这种意会性的技艺,甚至也是我们日常生活行为发生的隐性前提。一个日常生活中发生的简单的行动,是由一个处于下意识状态中自动生成的复杂的格式塔场境,其中,显性意图中的焦点觉识与隐性发生的辅助觉识共同建构出环抱式的格式塔整体场境。构成人的生命存在本质是一种特殊的行为—意识整体场境,而这种构境突现恰恰是在非实体的场境式辅助觉识中发生的。辅助觉识不是一个对象性存在,它是一种场境突现,当你将焦点觉识的注意力指向这种场境时,辅助觉识则自行消解。

In the modern scientific research based on sophisticated experiments,there are also some unspeakable skills,which even is exactly the most important thing that leads to scientific discovery and the modeling of scientists’spiritual personality.This tacit skill is even the implicit premise of our daily behavior.A simple action that occurs in daily life is built in a complex Gestalt context that is automatically generated in a subconscious state.The surround total context of Gestalt is co-constructed by the focal awareness in explicit intentions and the subsidiary awareness of implicitly happening.The essence of human life existence is a special total context of behavior-consciousness,and the emergence of this situation exactly happens in the non-substance situated subsidiary awareness.The subsidiary awareness is not an objective existence,but a kind of context emergence.When you direct the focal awareness to this kind of context,the subsidiary awareness will dissolve on its own.