核安全刑法保障的缺陷与立法完善

On Deficiencies of Protection of Criminal Law for Nuclear Safety and Improvement of Legislation

核能利用是一把双刃剑,在促进社会科技进步的同时也播种了核风险。中国刑法在应对核风险、打击核犯罪、保障核安全方面,存在核犯罪罪名体系混乱、介入核犯罪时间滞后、未与核安全法有效衔接等问题。为解决这些问题,应在风险刑法理论的框架下,扩大核犯罪罪名圈,前置核犯罪的成立标准,完善国际公约、国内行政法规与刑事立法之间的衔接,以构建严密的核安全保障刑事法网。

Nuclear energy uses is a double-edged sword,which breeds nuclear risks while promoting scientific and technological progress in society.In the aspects of response to nuclear risks,cracking down on nuclear crimes and protection of nuclear safety,Chinese criminal law witnesses disordered system for nuclear crimes,time-delay of involvement in nuclear crimes and absence of effective connection with the nuclear safety law.The solutions to those problems call for our efforts,under the framework of risk criminal law theory,to expand the circle of nuclear crimes,set up criteria for establishment of nuclear crimes,improve the connection between international conventions,domestic administrative regulations and criminal legislation,with a view to developing a criminal network with strict nuclear security guarantees.