认知教育学视角下的博物馆课程开发

Museum Curriculum Development from the Perspective of Cognitive Pedagogy

随着中国经济的高速发展,国有博物馆、民营博物馆如雨后春笋般涌现,博物馆作为公共文化服务体系的重要组成部分,发挥着传承历史、教育当代、启迪未来的功能和作用。当下博物馆教育主要通过博物馆课程来实施,然而,通过比较研究发现,博物馆课程存在过度依赖多媒体教学,课程设计同质化严重,弱化了对学习者审美能力的培养等问题。建议博物馆课程通过加强对实物的引导式观察,创新课程内容和形式,重视教学活动的反馈等途径进行改进,以期更大程度担负起引导人、教育人、塑造人的重任。

With the rapid development of China's economy,state-owned museums and private museums have sprung up.As an important part of the public cultural service system,museums have assumed the functions of inheriting history,educating the contemporary people,and enlightening the future.At present,museum education is mainly implemented through museum curriculum.However,through comparative research,it is found that museum curriculum has problems such as excessive dependence on multimedia teaching,serious homogenization of curriculum design,and weakening cultivation of learners'aesthetic ability.It is suggested that the museum curriculum should shoulder the responsibility of guiding,educating and shaping people to a greater extent by strengthening guided observation of physical objects,innovating the content and form of curriculum,and attaching importance to the feedback of teaching activities.