论唐代小说中女性还魂复仇故事类型在后世叙事文学中的流变

Evolution of Tang Dynasty’s Female Vengeance Story Types in the Later Dynasties’ Narrative Literature

唐代小说受害女性还魂复仇的故事类型在后世叙事文学中发生三点变化:其一,唐代小说中还魂向主母复仇的故事类型在宋代叙事作品中比较多见,但在明清叙事作品中却寥寥无几。其二,唐代小说中,受害女性还魂报复其夫(或情人)的原因是始乱终杀;而宋代及其以后的作品中,报仇原因却变为始乱终弃。其三,唐代小说中,女性还魂报仇的对象多为其夫(情人)或当家主母;而元明清时期的叙事作品中,复仇对象主要是刁官猾吏、地痞流氓。

The story type of female revenge in the Tang Dynasty is repeatedly appearing in later narrative literature in three ways. First, female revenge against the woman master is commonly seen in the narrative works of the Song dynasty, basically the same as those in the Tang Dynasty. Few stories of revenge against the woman master can be found in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Secondly, in the stories of the Tang Dynasty, the woman ghost characters retaliated against their husbands or lovers for their betrayal and murder. In the Song Dynasty and beyond, the reason of retaliation were simply their being abandoned. Thirdly, in the stories of the Tang Dynasty, the revenge object of a female ghost was mostly her husband or woman master, while in the narrative works of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the object of revenge turned to be the mostly evil officials and gangsters.