基于BIM模型和Pathfinder的地铁站安全疏散模拟研究

Research on Safety Evacuation Simulation of Subway Station Based onBIM Model and Pathfinder

本文以广州某标准地铁站为研究对象,采用BIM建筑信息模型和Pathfinder人员疏散仿真工具相结合的方法,对地铁站人员疏散进行仿真模拟,为地铁车站疏散设计优化、紧急条件下的人员安全疏散管理提供决策支持。研究重点考虑人员数量、楼梯形式和疏散设施对地铁站疏散能力、疏散路径的影响,为地铁车站疏散设计优化、紧急条件下的人员安全疏散管理提供决策支持。结果表明:超大人流晚高峰安全疏散效率较低,固定栏杆设置对紧急情况下的安全疏散产生负面影响,楼梯位置和形式的设计影响疏散效率。

In this paper a standard subway station in Guangzhou is taken as the object of study,and the BIM building information model and Pathfinder evacuation simulation tool are used to simulate the personnel evacuation of subway station.That provides decisions support for the optimization of subway station evacuation design and the safe evacuation management of personnel in an emergency.The study is focused on the influence of the number of people,staircase form and evacuation facilities on the evacuation capacity and evacuation path of subway stations.The decision provided not only optimizes the evacuation design of subway stations,but also contributes to the safe evacuation management under emergency conditions.According to the results:on the one hand,under the condition of large crowds,the safety evacuation in the evening peak has low efficiency;on the other hand,the fixed railing setting is bound to have a negative impact on the safety evacuation in an emergency.In addition,the design of the existing subway stair position and stair form will also have an impact on the crowd evacuation efficiency.