不同微生物菌剂对烟草根结线虫病控制效果研究

Control Effects of Different Microbial Agents on Tobacco Root-Knot Nematode

根结线虫病是一种重要的烟草土传病害,在局部烟区发生严重,为了筛选有效的微生物菌剂或药剂,本研究选取枯草芽孢杆菌、淡紫拟青霉、荧光假单胞杆菌、哈茨木霉等微生物菌剂和阿维菌素、阿维 丁硫等化学药剂,按照推荐使用方法提前处理土壤,调查病害发生情况和防治效果.结果表明,不同微生物菌剂处理对烤烟田间生育期影响不大,阿维菌素处理、荧光假单胞杆菌处理、阿维 丁硫微乳剂处理有效促进了烟草农艺性状,荧光假单胞杆菌处理后烤烟旺长期的各项农艺性状均显著高于对照处理.与对照处理相比,微生物菌剂处理后烤烟根结线虫病发生程度减轻,淡紫拟青霉处理对烟草根结线虫的防控效果最佳,达到79.45%;阿维菌素效果仅次之,相对防效为56.16%.

Root-knot nematode is an important tobacco soil-borne disease,and it occurs severely in some tobacco-growing areas.In order to screen effective microbial and chemical agents against this pest,microbial agents(Bacillus subtilis,Paecilomyces lilacinus,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum)and chemical agents(avermectin and avermectin-butyl sulfate)were used to treat the soil before tobacco planting according to the recommended methods,and the occurrence of the disease was investigated and their control effects were evaluated.The results showed that compared with the control,treatments with different microbial agents had little effect on the growth period of flue-cured tobacco.Avermectin,P.fluorescens and avermectin-butyl sulfate effectively improved the agronomic traits of tobacco plants,and after P.fluorescens treatment,various agronomic traits of the flue-cured tobacco plants were significantly better than those of the control.Compared with the control,treatments with microbial agents reduced the incidence of root-knot nematode disease in the flue-cured tobacco field.P.lilacinus gave the best control effect on tobacco root-knot nematodes,the relative control efficacy being 79.45%.Avermectin ranked second,with a relative control efficacy of 56.16%.