育苗基质中添加不同微生物菌剂对烟草抗病性及产质量的影响

Effects of Different Microbial Agents Mixed with Tobacco Seedling-Nursing Substrates on Disease Resistance and Yield and Quality of Tobacco

土传病害给烟草的产质量造成严重损失,而在大田施用生物菌剂进行生物防治往往因生防菌剂在土壤中适应增殖困难而效果不理想.本研究采用基质拌菌的方法,选取4种常用拮抗微生物菌剂(枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂、荧光假单胞杆菌菌剂、解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌剂和多粘类芽孢杆菌菌剂),探究不同微生物菌剂早期根际定殖对烟草青枯病的防控效果及对烟株农艺性状和产量的影响.结果表明:在育苗基质中加入微生物菌剂可以优化烟草苗期和团棵期农艺性状,提高烟草对青枯病的抗病性,其中以培育1000株烟苗的育苗基质中加入多粘类芽孢杆菌500 g(有效芽孢量5×103亿cfu)效果最好.本试验结果为育苗基质拌菌技术在烟草促生和抗病方面提供理论支撑.

Soil-borne diseases cause serious losses to tobacco production.However,the application of biological agents in the field for biological control often gives unsatisfactory results due to the difficulty in adapting the biocontrol agents to the soil.In orderto provide a theoretical support to the seedling-substrate mixing technology for its promotion effects on tobacco growth and disease resistance,four commonly used antagonistic microbial agents(Bacillus subtilis,Pseudomonas fluorescens,B.amyloliquefaciens and B.polymyxa)were mixed with the seedling-nursing substrate of tobacco to explore the effect of early rhizosphere colonization of the microbial agents on tobacco bacterial wilt and on the agronomic characteristics and yield of tobacco plants.The results showed that the addition of microbial agents to the seedling-nursing substrate could enhance the agronomic traits of tobacco seedlings at the rosette stage and improve the resistance of tobacco to bacterial wilt.Of the treatments studied,the addition of B.polymyxa 500 g to the seedling-nursing substrate for 1000 seedlings had the best effect.