哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1介导的自噬对骨代谢的调控

Function of autophagy induced by mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 in bone metabolism

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物(mTORC)1是哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白形成的一种复合物,在细胞合成代谢过程中起重要作用,其参与调控的自噬作用近年来受到广泛关注。自噬是细胞降解损坏的蛋白质或细胞器并将其循环利用的过程。随着对mTORC1/自噬效应的研究逐渐深入,其在骨代谢方面的调控作用愈发凸显。本文就mTORC1介导的自噬通路在成骨细胞、破骨细胞等骨相关细胞方面的作用及其机制进行综述,为骨代谢的生物学机制和骨组织疾病的研究提供新思路。

The mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)forms two functionally distinct multiprotein complexes,one of which is the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1).The mTORC1 plays a central role in regulating anabolic processes,including autophagy,which has recently captured extensive attention.Autophagy is an intracellular recycling pathway in which cellular components,including protein aggregates and organelles,are targeted to the lysosome for degradation.In recent years,an increasing amount of evidence shows that autophagy is mediated by mTORC1,which plays a critical role in bone metabolism.This review summarises the important role and mechanism of mTORC1-mediated autophagy in bone-related cells,especially osteoblasts and osteoclasts.