纳米材料诱导细胞自噬及其“双刃剑”作用

Research Progress of Autophagy and Its Function of “Double-edged Sword” Induced by Nanomaterials

细胞自噬是细胞维持自身稳态的关键生物学过程。近年来,纳米材料诱发的细胞自噬效应及其生物学结局受到了研究人员的高度关注,成为纳米医学和纳米毒理学的重要研究方向。一方面,纳米材料诱发的自噬效应可作为纳米药物发挥治疗作用的重要过程,另一方面,其诱发的自噬效应也可成为纳米材料诱发细胞死亡和机体损伤的重要原因。本文重点阐述纳米材料诱导自噬发生的过程及相关机制,进一步探讨纳米材料诱导自噬的不同结局、机制和影响因素,以期为深入认识纳米材料自噬效应并对其进行毒理学评价提供科学依据。

Autophagy is a key biological process to maintain the homeostasis in cells.In recent years,autophagy induced by nanomaterials(NMs)as well as the biological outcomes have attracted great attention,and become an important research of interest in the field of nanomedicine and nanotoxicology.This includes the use of NMs-induced autophagy regulation to improve the efficacy of nanotherapeutics.From the nano safety perspective,autophagy activation may contribute to the cell injury and death.In this manuscript,we focus on the NMs-induced autophagy,which includes the dissection on the underlining mechanisms,biological outcomes,and influencing factors.The information positively impacts the fundamental understanding of NMs-induced autophagy at nano/bio interface,which can serve as an important basis for the safety assessment of NMs.