基于斑马鱼全生命周期毒性测试的研究进展

Research Progress of Life-cycle Toxicity Test of Zebrafish

作为一种模式生物,斑马鱼具有很多优点,包括体积小、成本低、适应性广、繁殖周期短、胚胎透明且产卵量高等,因而被广泛应用于生态毒理学等领域。斑马鱼的生命阶段主要包括胚胎、仔鱼和成鱼3个阶段。近年来,斑马鱼全生命周期的毒理学研究所占比重不断上升并呈稳定增长的趋势。本文对斑马鱼3个生命阶段及整个生命周期的毒性试验展开综述,介绍了斑马鱼全生命周期实验在毒理学中的研究进展,总结了各生命阶段国内外的标准规范和资源库信息、毒理学终点及转基因斑马鱼的研究进展,归纳了多阶段毒性评价和整个生命周期毒性评价的应用。最后,对全生命周期和基于斑马鱼毒性测试的应用做出展望,对未来开展的相关研究提出建议。

As a model organism,zebrafish(Danio rerio)is widely used in ecotoxicology and other fields as its small size,low cost,wide adaptability,short breeding cycle,high fertility and embryonic transparency.The life stage of zebrafish mainly includes embryo,larvae and adult.The proportion of toxicology research of zebrafish life cycle continued to rise and showed a steady growth trend in recent years.In present study,the toxicity tests of zebrafish in three life stages and the whole life cycle was introduced and reviewed.Secondly,toxicity test guideline and standard of zebrafish in various life stages,resource library information,endpoint and transgenic zebrafish were also summarized.Thirdly,the application of multi-stage and whole life cycle toxicity assessment were generalized.Finally,the prospects of the application of zebrafish toxicity testing and the whole life cycle were discussed and suggested in future research.