生态视角下宁夏鸽子山遗址尖状器的形态与功能

Ecological perspective on the points from the Gezishan site in Ningxia

宁夏鸽子山遗址是一处旧石器时代末期遗址,工作人员自上世纪90年代以来在该遗址中采集了大量石制品。尖状器是其中数量较多、形态不一、制作精细的类型。本文通过尖状器形态与功能的比对研究,结合该地区晚更新世末段至早全新世的环境特点,探讨石制品形态所体现的占人类对生存环境的适应变化。分析认为,鸽子山尖状器形态特征可能是适应环境的很好例证,类似变更也为北方原始农业的萌生提供了必要的技术储备。

The Gezishan(Pigeon Mountain)site is located 50 km southeast of the Tengger desert and south of the Helanshan piedmont alluvial fan.Between the 1990 s and the 2010 s,thousands of lithic artifacts were collected from the surface at the site.Among the different kinds of lithic artifacts collected,points form a distinct typological class.This paper introduces some of the point types collected from the Gezishan site,and discusses their morphological and function variation in relation to paleoenviromental changes from the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene.We suggest that the morphological variation of the Gezishan points reflects a shift in tool function from throwing projectile weaponry to digging tools.This technological transition corresponds with the changing local vegetation and plant resources during this time,and represents a novel behaviour that contributed to the onset of agriculture.