项目制背景下乡镇政府的能动性分析——以Y镇艺术岛项目的运行过程为例

Analysis on The Initiative of Township Government under The Background of Project System——Taking The Operation Process of The Art Island Project in Y Town as an Example

后税费时代,乡镇政府面临治理能力弱化、治理资金专项化、治理机制技术化和压力型体制强化的挑战,在政权体系中处于较为尴尬的地位。本文通过Y镇艺术岛项目运行过程的个案研究,结合结构/制度和过程/事件两种研究取向,分析乡镇政府在此制度结构下的能动性。现有的体制结构虽然在很大程度上限制了乡镇政府的自主性行为,但也在实际运行过程中释放了乡镇政府能动性的制度空间;乡村社会的本土性资源,尤其是乡贤群体,赋予了乡镇政府能动性的依托;而对乡镇政府行为的监督和规范在引导其能动性的积极面向中发挥着重要作用。乡镇政府的能动性并不全然是负面的,在制度化、规范化的体制下包容和引导乡镇政府的积极能动性,从而激发其发展乡村的潜力,是当今乡村治理与乡镇体制改革努力的方向。

In the post-tax-and-fee era,township governments are faced with the situation of weak governance ability,special governance funds,technical governance mechanism and pressure system strengthening,which put them in a awkward position in the regime system.Based on the case study of the operation process of the Art Island Project in Y Town,this paper analyzes the initiative of the township government under the institutional structure by combining the two research orientations of structure/system and process/event.Although the existing institutional structure,to a large extent,has restricted the autonomous behavior of the township government,it has also released the space of the initiative of the township government in the actual operation process.The local resources of the rural society,especially the village elites,have given the township government an active support;and the supervision and regulation of the township government’s actions play an important role in guiding its initiative.The initiative of township government is not entirely negative.Under the institutionalized and standardized system,it is the direction of institutional reform and rural governance to inclusion and guide the positive initiative of township governments,so as to stimulate rural development potential.