新疆青河县畜牧业发展存在的问题及建议

Existing Problems and Related Suggestions in the Development of Animal Husbandry in Qinghe County of Xinjiang

新疆阿勒泰地区青河县水土草地资源丰富,养殖模式是以牛羊为主的传统草原畜牧业,牧业占比高,但养殖规模小,肉产品优质但供应数量不足,生产不均衡,销售渠道窄,价格不高,笔者结合多年基层工作实际,在进行广泛的调查基础上,针对目前存在的优良品种奇缺、基础设施不足、产业化水平低、养殖规模小、市场及销售体系不健全等牧业发展存在的问题,提出了以良种繁育体系建设为重点、加强牛羊规模化建设、提高饲草料产量和利用效率、促进养殖合作社与龙头企业联手、打造地方特色优质畜产品品牌、延长产业链、疏通销售渠道、督促引导企业承担社会责任、加强产业科学融合、推动现代化牧业建设、着眼长期综合收益等解决对策,期望可以对促进青河县牧业增效和牧民增收有所帮助。

The animal husbandry industry in Qinghe country of Altay prefecture of Xinjiang follows the traditional grassland model of raising cattle and sheep due to its abundant water and grassland resources,and the husbandry industry occupied a high proportion.However,there are some shortages in this model,such as the small breeding scale,insufficient supply quantity of meat products although the quality was high,uneven production,narrow marketing channels,as well as the relatively lower selling price.On the basis of extensive investigations,and combined with the real practices of grassroots work for many years,some countermeasures were put forward for the current existing problems including lack of good varieties of livestock,inadequate infrastructure,low level of industrialization,small breeding scale and imperfect marketing and sales system.The countermeasures were as follows:focusing on the construction of a breeding system for good livestock varieties,strengthening scaled farming of cattle and sheep,enhancing the yield and utilization efficiency of forages,promoting the collaboration of farming cooperatives and leading enterprises,creating a good brand of high-quality animal products with local characteristics,extending the sales chain and dredging the marketing channel,supervising and guiding the enterprises to undertake social responsibilities,strengthening industrial integration,promoting modern animal husbandry construction and attaching importance to the long-term comprehensive income.All the above proposals were expected to provide some supports for the development of animal husbandry and income increase of herdsmen in Qinghe country.