12岁以下儿童学业负担调查及思考

Status Quo of Academic Burden of Children Under Age 12:Survey and Strategy

经调查,12岁以下儿童有不同程度的学业负担,具体表现为:完成作业时间偏长,课外作业偏多,参加课外辅导时间长,睡眠、户外活动及体育锻炼时间不足,等;城市小学生及幼儿的学业压力更大;幼儿园在一定程度上存在“小学化”倾向。明确减负内涵及复杂性,建立、传播科学人才观,制定及运行相关教育政策,探索教育质量评价及效能提升等五项机制可有效地减轻12岁以下儿童的学业负担。

A survey shows that children under age 12 have different extents of academic burden as follows:longer time for finishing homework,more homework,longer time for extracurricular tutoring,and lack of time for sleep,outdoor activity and sports;students in cities have more stress in learning;and kindergartens have a tendency of primary schools to some extent.To solve the above problems,schools should clarify the connotation and complication of relieving students of their academic burdens,establish and spread the scientifi c view on talents,formulate and implement relevant educational policy,and improve the quality and effi ciency of education evaluation.