白马湖浮游植物分布特征及其与环境因子相关性分析

Study on the distribution features of phytoplankton and its correlation with environmental factors of Baima Lake

为掌握白马湖生态状况识别主要生态问题,2014年、2016年和2017年在白马湖湖区布设11个点位,监测分析该湖浮游植物群落结构的时空变化和水质情况。结果表明,2014年共鉴定浮游植物119种,2016年共鉴定109种,2017年共鉴定114种,隶属于8门,主要优势种为小球藻(Chlorella sp.)、小环藻(Cyclotella sp.)、颗粒直链藻(Melosira granulata var.angustissima)、尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)、卵形金杯藻(Kephyrion ovale)、尖尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas acuta)、链状伪鱼藻(Pseudanabaena catenata)和席藻(Phormidium sp.)。浮游植物丰度在夏季最高,冬季最低,在空间分布上西北部和中部较高,东北部和南部较低。并从Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和SI污染指数3个指标评价不同年份湖泊的健康状况,白马湖为中-富营养(中度)水体。并对浮游植物优势种和环境因子之间进行Pearson相关性分析,结果表明,温度是影响浮游植物丰度的主要因子。

In order to grasp the ecological status of Baima Lake to identify major ecological problems,11 points were set up in Baima Lake area in 2014,2016 and 2017 to monitor and analyze the spatial and temporal changes and water quality of phytoplankton community structure.The results showed that 119 species of phytoplankton were identified in 2014,109 species in 2016 and 114 species in 2017,belonging to 8 phyla.The main dominant species were Chlorella sp.,Cyclotella sp.,Melosira granulata var.angustissima,Synedra acus,Kephyrion ovale,Chroomonas acuta,Pseudanabaena catenata and Phormidium sp.The abundance of phytoplankton was highest in summer and lowest in winter,with higher spatial distribution in the northwest and central regions,and lower in the northeast and south.The health status of lakes in different years was evaluated by Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index and SI pollution index,and Baima Lake was a medium-eutrophic(moderate)water body.Pearson correlation analysis between phytoplankton dominant species and environmental factors showed that temperature was the main factor affecting the abundance of phytoplankton.