西方经济学假定及其在教学中的运用

Application of economic assumption in teaching

假定作为一种方法论工具,使西方经济学的抽象化、科学化成为可能。此次研究通过分析假定的作用及其非现实性,提出了利用“经济人”假定帮助学生理解微观经济体系和宏观经济体系的想法,以帮助学生构建符合经济学的逻辑思维方式,适应市场经济的发展。从研究方法和技术层面来看,经济学的众多概念、理论、观点、思维皆来自于假定。从经济学史的角度来看,经济学理论的发展和演变经历了一个建立、继承、革命、综合、再革命、再综合的过程,正是假定推动了经济学的发展和演变。鉴于“经济人”在主流经济学中的核心假定地位,研究“经济人”假定的发展和变化过程能够加深对“经济人”假定精髓的理解。对国民收入决定模型进行比较,发现从收入—支出模型到IS-LM模型再到AD-AS模型,假定在不断放松,模型越来越复杂,更加符合实践,现实性越来越强。

As a methodology tool,hypothesis makes it possible for western economics to be abstract and scientific.By analyzing the function and unreality of the hypothesis,this study puts forward the idea of using the hypothesis of“economic man”to help students understand the microeconomic system and the macroeconomic system,so as to build a logical thinking mode in line with economics,and adapt to the development of market economy.From the perspective of research methods and technology,many concepts,theories,viewpoints and thinking of economics come from assumptions.From the perspective of economic history,the development and evolution of economic theory has gone through a process of establishment,inheritance,revolution,synthesis,re revolution and re integration.It is the assumption that promotes the development and evolution of economics.In view of the core assumption position of“economic man”in mainstream economics,studying the development and change process of“economic man”assumption can deepen the understanding of the essence of“economic man”.Comparing the national income decision model,we find that from the income expenditure model to the IS-LM model to the AD-AS model,the assumption is relaxing,the model is more and more complex,more in line with the practice,and more and more realistic.