项目进村中村干部角色及村庄治理型态

The Role of Village Cadres and Governance Pattern in Projects Entering Villages

村干部在村庄治理中扮演着关键角色,但在实践中村干部行为却出现了日益权变的趋向。通过对S省J县7个村庄的项目进村的案例比较研究发现:村庄资源禀赋与公众参与是影响和塑造村干部角色与行为的关键变量。项目进村中,村干部角色在国家“代理人”与村庄“当家人”的制度角色定位中出现了变异或偏移,呈现出“撞钟型”“横暴型”“分利型”“协调型”干部四种行为类型,村庄治理也由此呈现为“沉默秩序”“普力夺秩序”“谋利秩序”和“多元治理秩序”四种治理型态。新时代乡村治理重心下移,对村干部角色具有纠偏和规制效应,促使村干部角色回归其应然位置,促进乡村多元有序治理和良善秩序的生成。

In view of the fact that village cadres play a key role in shaping village governance patterns,this paper focuses on the differences between the roles and governance patterns of village cadres inform different villages in projects entering the village.Through a comparative study of several cases of villages in J county,S province over a long period of time,it is found that the village resource endowment and public participation are the key variables influencing and shaping the role of village cadres and the type of village governance.Due to the variation or deviation of the village cadres’role in the“agent”of state and“head”of village in the projects into village,four types of village cadres has turned up:greeting cadres,injustice cadres,benefiting cadres and coordination cadres,which has triggered four kinds of governance pattern such as“silent order”,“praetorian order”,“oligarch order”and“multiple governance order”.In the new era,the focus of rural governance has moved downwards,which has rectification and regulation effects on the role of village cadres,to prompt village cadres to return to the essence,and to accelerate the return of multiple and orderly governance in rural areas.