低度近视青少年的脑视觉认知功能评估（英文）

Evaluation of cerebral visual functions in low myopic adolescents

目的:比较低度近视青少年与正常青少年的脑视觉认知功能,研究早期、低度近视对脑视觉认知功能的影响。方法:共120名青少年按屈光状态分为低度近视组、屈光参差组以及正常对照组。通过知觉眼位、注视稳定性和立体视来评估参与者的脑视觉认知功能。其中,立体视的检查包括经典远、近立体视(同视机、Titmus)和0.8m和1.5m的3D-随机点静态0阶立体视检查(简称3D立体视)。结果:1)知觉眼位:低度近视组水平知觉眼位显著偏移;屈光参差组水平、垂直知觉眼位均显著偏移;2)注视稳定性:低度近视组和屈光参差组注视稳定性降低;3)立体视:屈光参差组0.8m和1.5m立体视检查的正常率较其余两组降低。低度近视组1.5m 3D立体视正常率降低;4)注视稳定性与近立体视之间存在弱的正相关性。结论:低度近视即使在矫正至最佳矫正视力后,仍存在一定脑视觉认知功能的缺陷,研究还提示,除局部视网膜调控外,脑视觉中枢可能也参与了近视发生发展。

AIM:To explore whether low myopia would affect cerebral visual functions by comparing perceptual eye position(PEP),fixation stability and stereoacuity tests between low myopic and normal adolescents.METHODS:Totally 120 adolescents matched in age and gender participated in our study.Subjects were divided into three groups according to their refractive states.The cerebral visual functions tested in our study included perceptual eye position(PEP),fixation stability and stereoacuity.Stereoacuity tests involved in our study could be categorized into two parts.The first part was classical stereo tests including Titmus and synoptophore stereo test.The second part was 3D random-dot test for zero-order stereoacuity(hereinafter as zero-order test)at different viewing distances(0.8 m and 1.5 m).RESULTS:1)PEP:the deviation of horizontal PEP was significantly larger in non-anisometropia when compared to control group.Both horizontal and vertical PEP bias pixels were significantly larger in anisometropia group.2)χ2 test showed that both non-anisometropia group and anisometropia group had more trouble in holding their fixation stable.Moreover,anisometropia group had more abnormal results than other two groups.And in zero-order test at 1.5 m,both non-anisometropia and anisometropia had more abnormal results in stereoacuity than control group.The correlation between fixation stability and near stereoacuity(Titmus and zero-order stereoacuity at 0.8 m)was weak and positive.CONCLUSION:Low myopic adolescents still have certain defects in cerebral visual functions;Examinations used in our study were useful in assessing cerebral visual functions.They could provide better follow-up evaluation and solid ground for further specific treatments in treating defects of cerebral visual functions.So far,local retinal environment has been the focus on the development in myopia.Our results suggested that researchers might pay more attention on visual cortex in studying the mechanisms of myopia in the near future.