美国高校服务学习的理论基础研究

The Theoretical Basis of Service Learning in American Universities

服务学习(Service-Learning)是20世纪下半叶在美国兴起的一种新的哲学理念和教学方法。美国高校服务学习的理论基础主要包括约翰·杜威的经验教育与民主主义、大卫·库伯的体验学习圈、保罗·弗莱雷的解放教育、欧内斯特·博耶的参与型学术和罗伯特·巴尔和约翰·塔格的本科教育新范式。美国高校服务学习从理念走向课程的范式转型对我国部分地方本科院校的转型发展有一定的借鉴意义。

Service Learning was a new philosophy and teaching method in the United States in the second half of the 20th century.The theoretical basis of Service Learning in American colleges and universities mainly includes John Dewey’s Experience Education and Democracy,David Cooper’s Experience Learning Circle,Paul Freire’s Liberation Education,Ernest Boyer’s Participatory Learning,and The New paradigm of Undergraduate Education by Robert Barr and John Tag.The paradigm transformation of Service Learning from concept to curriculum has certain reference significance for the transformation and development of certain local colleges and universities in China.