动态演化博弈视角的环境规制与产业国际竞争力再检验

Re-examination of Environmental Regulation and Industrial International Competitiveness from the Perspective of Dynamic Evolutionary Game

环境规制对产业国际竞争力的影响主要通过三种路径实现:环境规制水平增加会提高企业生产成本,降低产品竞争优势,即“成本效应”;环境规制水平增加会促进企业推行研发创新等节能减排措施,即“创新效应”;企业会将生产从高环境规制水平地区转移到低环境规制水平地区,即“污染避难所效应”。三种效应存在区别与联系,对它们的单独研究,在结论上可能会导致较大偏差,对实践的价值意义也可能会大打折扣,因而有必要综合考量三种效应。通过建立不完全信息条件下的两阶段博弈模型,将环境规制的三种效应纳入统一理论框架中进行综合分析,并运用空间计量模型考察开放经济条件下多角度环境规制对产业国际竞争力的影响机制,进而得出差异化结论。地方政府在制定环境规制和政策时,需充分考虑各行业对环境规制的响应程度,以兼顾环境规制及政策实施与产业国际竞争力的关系。

The impact of environmental regulation on the international competitiveness of the industry is achieved through three kinds of paths:Increasing the level of environmental regulation will increase the production cost of enterprises and reduce the competitive advantage of products,that is,the“cost effect”;the increase of environmental regulation will promote enterprises to carry out research and development,innovation,energy conservation and emission reduction measures,that is,“innovation effect”;enterprises will regulate industries from high environmental regulations.The horizontal areas are transferred to areas with low environmental regulation levels,that is,“pollution shelter effects”.Enterprises are shifting production to areas with weak environmental regulation due to cost considerations.This is the“pollution haven effects”.By establishing a two-stage game model under incomplete information conditions,this paper integrates the three effects of environmental regulation into a unified theoretical framework for the first time,and uses the spatial measurement model to examine the multidimensional environmental regulations and industries under the open economy conditions,then we draw different conclusions and policy recommendations.