眼科建立护理管理标准预防操作流程对减少职业暴露的有效性

Establishment of nursing management standards in ophthalmology and preventive operation procedure effectiveness of reducing occupational exposure

目的:在推广护理标准预防操作流程(standard operation procedure,SOP)前后对护理人员进行操作情况和针刺伤职业暴露水平对比,探索护理SOP的实用性和有效性。方法:在中山大学中山眼科中心推广护理SOP前后,分别对14名责任护士进行操作考核,并对推广护理SOP前后收治的传染病患者数量和针刺伤职业暴露事件数量进行对比。结果:推行护理SOP前后操作考核平均分分别为82.31分、88.23分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。初高级责任护士考核结果差异无统计学意义。推行护理SOP前后病房收治血液传染性疾病患者总数分别为32例、51例,针刺伤职业暴露事件分别为4例、0例,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.698,P=0.020)。结论:护理SOP的推广可使护理人员加强自我防护,减少针刺伤职业暴露,有效降低医源性感染率。

Objective:To compare the operation status and occupational exposure to needle stick injuries level of nursing staff before and after the promotion of nursing standard prevention operation procedure(SOP),and to explore the practicability and effectiveness of nursing SOP.Methods:Before and after the promotion of nursing SOPs at Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center of Sun Yat-sen University,14 responsible nurses were assessed for operation,and the number of infectious diseases and occupational exposures to needle stick injuries before and after the promotion of nursing SOPs were compared.Results:The average scores of operation and evaluation before and after the implementation of nursing SOP were 82.31 points and 88.23 points,with significant statistical difference(P<0.001).There was no statistical difference in the results of the initial senior responsible nurses.The total number of patients with blood infectious diseases before and after the implementation of nursing SOP was 32 cases and 51 cases.The occupational exposure to needle stick injuries events were 4 cases and 0 and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=6.698,P=0.020).Conclusion:The promotion of standard preventive procedures can enable caregivers to strengthen self-protection,reduce occupational exposure,and effectively reduce the rate of iatrogenic infection.