艾滋病防治中的公权干预与私权保障——“支持性法理念”初探

Public Intervention and Private Rights Protection in AIDS Prevention and Treatment——A Preliminary Study on Supportive Law Concept

公权干预和私权保障是艾滋病防治中的核心议题,艾滋病的传播方式与社会认知则构成公权干预与私权保障的逻辑基础。道德歧视与权利排斥既是艾滋病防治体系所要解决的问题,又是与艾滋病有关的一些新问题产生的原因,其相互交错不断加深着艾滋病的防治难度。刑事处罚与行政管控所蕴含的规训性理念具有明显的局限性,有可能导致公权干预同私权保障发生冲突。私权保障是艾滋病防治的基本理念与核心目的,其缺失是艾滋病传播加速的内在原因;艾滋病的有效防治需要公权干预和私权保障的合理互动,而以支持性法理念重塑既有法体系无疑是一条可行之道。

Public right intervention and private right protection are the core issues in AIDS prevention and treatment.The transmission mode and social cognition of AIDS constitute the logical basis of public right intervention and private right protection.Moral discrimination and right exclusion are not only the problems to be solved by the AIDS prevention and control system,but also the causes of new problems related with AIDS.The interlacing of causes and problems is deepening the difficulty of AIDS prevention and treatment.The disciplinary concept contained in criminal punishment and administrative control has obvious limitations,which may lead to the conflict between public right intervention and private right protection.The protection of private rights is the basic concept and core purpose of AIDS prevention and treatment.The lack of private rights protection is the internal reason for the accelerated spread of AIDS.The effective prevention and treatment of AIDS needs the reasonable interaction between public right intervention and private right protection.