基于fsQCA的竞赛式众包社区知识共享行为构型研究

Knowledge Sharing of Competitive Crowdsourcing Community Based on fsQCA

【目的】通过分析众包社区的知识贡献者,获得知识贡献的不同构型,从而引导社区成员进行知识共享。【方法】采用基于模糊集的定性比较分析方法,以竞赛式众包社区中进行知识贡献的社区成员为研究对象,从社区环境、动机理论、沉没成本效应三个方面划分条件变量,将知识贡献程度设为结果变量,以获得知识贡献的构型。【结果】高程度知识贡献为:(1)有管理员引导的社区,可通过圈币奖励与沉没成本(时间或金钱)引导社区成员进行高程度的知识贡献;(2)已有金钱投入的社区成员,可通过圈币与计入时长引导其进行高程度的知识贡献。低程度知识贡献为:(1)在缺乏管理员引导的社区,社区成员难以获得高程度的知识贡献;(2)在时间投入与圈币奖励同时存在,而金钱投入不存在的情况下,较难获得高程度的知识贡献。【局限】部分变量的校准缺乏理论依据;仅研究单一网站,结果的普适性受到一定限制;研究采用截面数据,对于结果的推断会有一定影响。【结论】本研究有利于众包社区对社区成员的知识共享行为进行引导,以提高社区成员的个人能力,进而提高众包任务的质量。

[Objective]This paper analyzes the contributions of the crowdsourcing community members,aiming to encourage them to share more knowledge.[Methods]We adopted qualitative comparison method based on fuzzy sets to study these members from a competitive knowledge crowdsourcing community.Then,we chose condition variables from community environment,motivation theory,and sunk cost effect.Finally,we used the degree of knowledge contribution as the result variable.[Results]There are two types of high-level knowledge sharing configurations:(Ⅰ)Communities with administrators could lead members to a high degree of knowledge sharing through currency rewards and sunk costs(time or money);(Ⅱ)Community members invested money and time could also promote high-level knowledge sharing.There are two types of low-level knowledge sharing:(Ⅰ)In communities without administrators,it is hard for members to share knowledge;(Ⅱ)Community members without money or time investments had low level of knowledge sharing.[Limitations]We only studied one website and the cross-section of research data might influence our results.[Conclusions]The proposed method helps the knowledge sharing community improve member management,as well as the quality of crowdsourcing tasks.