不同品种叶用莴苣营养液膜栽培性状及产量分析

Greenhouse Nutrient Film Technique Cultivation and Production of Lettuce

【目的】鉴选适宜南方薄膜温室内营养液膜(NFT)模式栽植的叶用莴苣品种,为福建省叶用莴苣种质资源推广和新品种引进提供可靠依据。【方法】收集省内外13个性状优良的叶用莴苣种类,在中以示范农场薄膜温室内,采用浅液流水培技术对供试品种采收期的形态指标、产量指标及营养品质进行综合分析。【结果】在形态与产量指标方面,株高以绿神表现最佳,高达29.23 cm,其产量较小叶苦苣、格林、紫雅品种分别显著增加48.69%、57.75%、63.45%,单株产量可达94.13 g,其次为绿玫瑰,单产量可达89.50 g。在营养品质方面,绿玫瑰在可食叶片中的花青素、纤维素含量最高,且硝态氮含量累积最少;可食叶片中光合色素含量以绿神表现最优,抗坏血酸含量以紫霞表现最高,可溶性糖含量以优雅表现最佳。【结论】绿玫瑰具有较高的产量及营养价值,最适宜在南方薄膜温室NFT模式下栽培。

【Objective】Growing varieties of leafy lettuce(Lactuca Sativa)with the nutrient film technique(NFT)in a greenhouse were evaluated for the hydroponic cultivation in southern Fujian.【Methods】Thirteen varieties of lettuce with desirable qualities were collected from the province and elsewhere for the experimentation.The morphological characteristics,leaf yield,and nutritional quality of each species grown under the NFT system in a greenhouse were monitored for analysis.【Results】The Lvshen variety attained the greatest plant height of 29.23 cm with a yield of 94.13 g per plant,which was 48.69%higher than that of Xiaoyekuju,57.75%higher than that of Greekn,and 63.45%higher than that of Ziya.Lvmeigui was the second highest on yield,at 89.50 g per plant.Nutritionally,Lvmeigui had the most anthocyanin and cellulose in edible leaves but least on accumulated nitrate nitrogen among all tested varieties.The greatest content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves was found in Lvshen,that of ascorbic acid in Zixia,and that of soluble sugar in Youya.【Conclusion】Overall,Lvmeigui showed the most desirable high yield and nutritional value and was considered most suitable among the 13 varieties of lettuce for the greenhouse NFT cultivation in southern Fujian.