中国留学生社会文化适应的影响因素研究

Influencing Factors of Chinese Overseas Students’ Socio-Cultural Adaption

在教育国际化的发展趋势之下,中国远赴海外留学的人数日益增多,社会文化适应成为这一群体首要面临的问题。如何帮助这一群体实现有效良好的适应是一项亟需探讨的重要命题。通过对892名中国留学生进行调查,重点考察社会支持、一般自我效能感以及留学时长对中国留学生社会文化适应的影响及其作用机制。结果显示:1.社会支持显著正向预测社会文化适应,不同来源的社会支持对社会文化适应的预测作用存在差异,其中非中国朋友支持和家人支持对社会文化适应的影响最大;2.一般自我效能感显著正向预测社会文化适应状况,并且在社会支持和社会文化适应之间发挥部分中介作用;3.留学时长能够显著预测社会文化适应状况,其中留学时长0-6(含)个月(vs12个月以上)能够通过一般自我效能感对社会文化适应产生间接影响。

Under the development of globalization of education, there has been increasing number of Chinese students going abroad for further study. Socio-cultural adaptation is the primary problem they need to face when they enter a strange foreign environment. Helping this group to achieve good adaptation has been an important topic for discussion. This study surveyed 892 Chinese overseas students as the research participants, and explored the relationship between social support, general self-efficacy, study duration and socio-cultural adaptation by using the analysis method of SEM. The results show that:(a) social support had significantly positive predictive effect on socio-cultural adaptation, and there were differences in the predictive effect on social support from different sources;non-Chinese friends support and family support had the greatest impact on social and cultural adaptation of Chinese overseas students;(b) the general self-efficacy had significantly positively predictive effect on socio-cultural adaptation and it also partially mediated social support and socio-cultural adaptation;(c) study duration can significantly predict socio-cultural adaptation, of which 0-6 months(compared with more than 12 months) can indirectly influence socio-cultural adaptation through the general self-efficacy.