一个花生EMS突变体的鉴定及其生长习性的遗传分析

Identification of a Peanut EMS Mutant and Its Inheritance on Erect Growth Habit

生长习性是影响花生种植密度的重要因子,与株型育种及产量高度相关。花生突变体A38来自匍匐型高油酸品种SunOleic 97R的EMS诱变,其株型直立,且高抗花生晚斑病。本研究以该突变体A38与其野生型SunOleic 97R杂交构建的F 1、F2群体为材料,开展了A38的表型鉴定及其生长习性的遗传分析。与匍匐型的SunOleic 97R相比,突变体A38的生长习性为直立型,所有F 1植株表现半匍匐表型,F2分离群体中直立、半匍匐和匍匐的分离比例比符合1∶2∶1。表明A38的直立突变表型受单隐性核基因控制,匍匐对直立为不完全显性。研究结果将为下一步控制花生生长习性基因的克隆、株型的分子设计育种改良奠定基础。

Growth habit is an important factor influencing planting identity,which is also closely related to yield and plant-type breeding in peanut. A peanut mutant A38 was derived from EMS muta-tion of high oleic acid cultivar Sun Oeicl 97 R with spreading runner growth habit. Compared to the wild type Sun Oeicl 97 R, A38 is characterized with erect growth habit and high resistance to late leaf spot. A cross between the mutant A38 and its wild type was made in order to develop F1 and F2 gener-ations, which were used to evaluate the growth habit. All F1 plants had bunch growth habit. The F2 plants segregated at a ratio of 1∶2∶1 for erect, bunch and spreading growth habit. These results indica-ted that erect growth habit of the mutant A38 was controlled by single recessive gene and spreading growth habit was incomplete dominance over erect growth habit. These results will lay foundation for cloning of genes related to growth habit and plant-type breeding based on molecular design.