乡村振兴背景下中部地区乡村人力资本的问题与对策研究

Problems and Countermeasures of Rural Human Capital in Central China under the Background of Rural Rejuvenation

乡村振兴涵盖了产业振兴、人才振兴、文明振兴、生态环境振兴和组织振兴。“五个振兴”都需要人力资本作为保障,人才振兴是实现乡村振兴的重要抓手。基于乡村振兴背景下中部地区乡村人力资本变化的视角,对比三个区域的经济指标及中部地区各省差异,结果显示中部地区乡村人口净流出、老龄化加剧且区域差异明显以及乡村人力资本质量较低。据此,应该从统筹融合发展以吸纳引进人力资本、优化教育资源配置以培育发展人力资本、强化乡村系统功能以保留优质人力资本等三个方面解决中部地区乡村人力资本问题。

Rural Revitalization includes industrial revitalization,talent revitalization,civilization revitalization,ecological environment revitalization and organization revitalization.All these five revitalization need human capital as guarantee,and talent revitalization is an important starting point to realize rural revitalization.Based on the perspective of rural human capital change in the central region under the background of rural revitalization,the economic indicators of the three regions and the differences among provinces in the central region are compared.The results show that the rural population in the central region presents a net outflow state,the aging is increasing and the regional differences are obvious,and the quality of rural human capital is low.Therefore,we should solve the problem of rural human capital in the central region from three aspects:overall planning and integration to absorb the introduction of human capital,optimize the allocation of educational resources to cultivate and develop human capital,and strengthen the function of the rural system to retain high-quality human capital.