家族跨代创业竞争优势获取路径研究——基于扎根理论的探索性分析

The Access to Competitive Advantage of Trans-generational Entrepreneurship of Family Business——Exploratory Analysis based on the Grounded Theory

家族孵化下的跨代创业已然成为众多家族企业可持续发展的战略之一。然而,在调研中发现,尽管有着家族资源的支持,较多的跨代创业企业存活率依然较低,因此,如何提升家族企业跨代创业的竞争优势成为至关重要的议题。文章通过文献回顾、深度访谈方式,采用多案例研究方法,选取四家典型的家族企业案例,借助扎根理论的研究方法,深入分析家族孵化、创业能力形成与跨代创业成长的内在机理。研究结果表明:跨代创业成长受到主系统和辅助系统的影响,其中主系统包括了家族孵化(家族文化、家族支持)和个人系统(个人权威、个人能力、个人特质),构成了跨代创业成长的支持基础,并且彼此之间相互作用;辅助系统包括营商环境和高校支持,为主系统提供外部支持;主系统和辅助系统协调促进创业能力提升,从而推动跨代企业成长。对家族跨代创业成长路径的分析,可为现实中家族企业的可持续发展提供经验借鉴。

Trans-generational entrepreneurship under family incubation has become one of the strategies for sustainable development of family enterprise. In the survey,the finding is that despite the support of family resources,the survival rate of transgenerational startups is still low. Therefor,how to improve the competitive advantage is important for family enterprise’s survival and development. Based on four typical family enterprise cases,the intrinsic mechanism of family incubation,the formation of entrepreneurial abilities and the development of trans-generational entrepreneurship are analyzed through literature review,interviews and multi-case study with grounded theory,as the research method. Results show that main system and assistant system influence the growth of transgenerational entrepreneurship. The main system includes family incubation(family culture,family support) and personal system(personal authority,personal ability,personal characteristics),and interact with each other. The assistant system includes business environment and university support,which provides external support for the main system. The coordination between the main system and the assistant system promotes the entrepreneurship capability,thus promoting the growth of trans-generational enterprises. The analysis of growth path of trans-generational family enterprises has practical guiding significance for the sustainable development of family firms in reality.