现代史视野下的我国民法发展历程探析

An Analysis of the Development of Civil Law in China from the Perspective of Modern History

1949年中华人民共和国成立后,我国实行高度集中的计划经济体制,公有财产神圣不可侵犯,没有私法成长的“土壤”。改革开放促使《中外合资经营企业法》以超乎寻常的速度颁布,这给民法的发展带来了一丝希望。1982年之后,宪法陆续经历了三次修改,同时社会主义市场经济体制的确立促进了大量的民事单行法涌现。进入21世纪后,国内外对人权的重视日益增强,2004年宪法修正案更是将人权保障原则和私有财产权受保护原则写入宪法。由此,民法理念得到了提升,民法也是“人法”。《民法总则》的颁布引领民法进入新时代,民法典的成典之日可期,这必将掀开依法治国盛世的新篇章。

After the founding of the people’s Republic of China in 1949,China implemented a highly centralized planned economic system.Public property was sacred and inviolable,and there was no“soil”for the growth of private law.The reform and opening up has promoted the promulgation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Sino Foreign Equity Joint Ventures at an extraordinary speed,which brings a glimmer of hope to the development of civil law.Since 1982,the constitution has undergone three successive revisions,while the establishment of the socialist market economy has promoted the emergence of a large number of specific civil laws.In the 21st century,more and more attention has been paid to human rights at home and abroad.In 2004,the constitution amendment enshrines the principles of human rights protection and private property rights protection into the constitution.The concept of civil law has been improved,and civil law is also“human law”.The promulgation of the General Provisions of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China has led civil law into a new era,and the date of the completion of the civil code can also be expected,which will open a new chapter in the prosperous era of administering a country according to law.