肠道病毒71型感染手足口病发病机制的研究

Pathogenesis of hand-foot-mouth disease caused by enterovirus 71

手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)是全球性传染病,感染人群以婴幼儿为主,而肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)是主要病原体.感染EV71除表现HFMD外,还能感染神经系统和其他脏器,引起无菌性脑膜炎、脑干脑炎和脊髓灰质炎样的麻痹性疾病,对儿童健康造成严重危害,已引起高度重视.目前EV71感染HFMD的发病机制仍不清楚,且无有效治疗方法.本文从病毒基因重组和自发突变、宿主基因及受体位点等方面讨论了EV71感染发病的影响因素,并通过动物感染模型的研究对EV71感染HFMD的发病机制进行简要综述;探讨发病机制研究中面临的主要问题,为疾病的防控、临床治疗和有效疫苗的研究提供启发.

Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)is a global infectious disease.The infected population is mainly infants and young children.Enterovirus 71(EV71)is the main pathogen.In addition to HFMD,EV71 infection can also affect the nervous system and other organs,resulting in aseptic meningitis,brainstem encephalitis,and poliomyelitis-like paralysis,causing serious harm to children’s health.At present,the pathogenesis of HFMD caused by EV71 is still unclear,and there is no effective treatment.In this paper,we discuss the factors influencing EV71 infection from the aspects of virus gene recombination and spontaneous mutation,host genes,and receptor sites,review the pathogenesis of HFMD caused by EV71 based on the study findings from animal infection models,and explore the main problems in the study of pathogenesis of this condition,in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of HFMD and for the development of new drugs or effective vaccines for EV71 infection.?The Author(s)2019.Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.All rights reserved.