底边叙事与佛教弘传——日本“求好运”故事研究

Bottom Narration and Spread of Buddhism:The Folktale of “Seeking for Luck” in Japan

“求好运”故事指世界民间故事类型中的AT461、AT460、AT930型故事,其类型的广泛相似性和深厚文化意蕴受到各国民间文艺学家的关注。在日本,关敬吾发表的《命运谭——系统及分布》和“外国民话研究会”整理汇编的《三次提问之旅——世界AT460、461型话群研究》为我们研究这一故事类型在日本的流传与演化提供了丰富的文本资料。本文尝试在亚洲“求好运”型故事比较研究的基础上,从底边叙事与佛教文化的交融互生出发,讨论日本“求好运”故事的文化功能和社会价值。

The folktale of“seeking for luck”refers to the AT461,AT460 and AT930 types in the Motif-Index of Folk Literature.The similarity of the folktales of“seeking for luck”around the world and their profound cultural implications have attracted the attention of folk literary scholars from various countries.Seki Keigo’s Fatty Tan-System and Distribution and Three Trips to The Question:The World’s AT460,461 Type Group Study compiled by the Foreign National Studies in Japan provide a wealth of texts for the study of the spread and evolution of the folktale of“seeking for luck”in Japan.Based on the comparative study of the“seeking for luck”story in Asia,this paper attempts to discuss the cultural functions and social values of Japan’s“seeking for luck”folktale from the perspective of the integration and mutual support of bottom narration and Buddhist cultures.