湘潭市老年人听力障碍流行病学调查研究

An epidemiological study on hearing impairment of the elderly in Xiangtan City

目的:调查分析湘潭市老年人听力障碍的流行病学情况。方法:采取容量比例概率抽样法在全市范围内选取10个社区作为调查点,调查样本总计687人。结果:女性听力衰退及听力障碍发生率低于男性,81岁以上老年人听力障碍高于其他年龄段人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城市与乡村人群听力衰退及听力障碍发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:湘潭市60岁以上老年人听力衰退及听力障碍发病率高,但干预率低,而且耳科疾病的发病率逐年上升,亟需采取有效的措施对耳科疾病进行预防和治疗。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the prevalence of hearing impairment among the elderly in Xiangtan city.Methods:10 populations were selected as survey points in the city by volume proportional probability sampling method.The total sample of the survey was 687 people.Results:The incidence of hearing loss and hearing impairment in women was lower than that in men,and the incidence of hearing impairment in the elderly over 81 years old was higher than that in other age groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of hearing loss and hearing impairment between urban and rural population(P>0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of hearing loss and hearing impairment in the elderly over 60 years old in Xiangtan City is high,but the intervention rate is low,and the incidence of otological diseases is increasing year by year.It is urgent to take effective measures to prevent and treat otological diseases.