考虑城市交通流的电动汽车充电站规划

Planning of electric vehicle charging station considering urban traffic flows

大规模使用电动汽车显著加大交通压力和配电网负荷,在交通状况复杂的城市合理规划电动汽车充电站对城市智能交通和智能配电网尤为重要。该文通过分析城市交通流系统,考虑服务半径内电动汽车交通特性及客观实际的出行行为过程,采用马尔科夫模型预测电动汽车交通流需求,以计及充电站实时交通成本的充电站运营净收益为最大化目标,并以交通流出行效用、交通密度及配电网要求为约束条件,建立电动汽车充电站规划数学模型。仿真证明该规划模型和方法有重要的实用价值,极大地提高了电动汽车充电站实际规划的合理性和可靠性。

The large range employment of electric vehicles significantly increases the traffic pressure and load of distribution networks. In the complex urban traffic, a reasonably planning of charging station is particularly important for the intelligent transportation and smart grids. Firstly, traffic characteristics of electric vehicles are considered and the Markov model is utilized to predict the traffic flow demand of electric vehicles. Based on the analysis of urban traffic flow system, a mathematical model of electric vehicle charging station planning is then established to maximize the net income by concerning a real-time transport costs. The model constraints are the travel utility of traffic flow, traffic density and distribution network requirement. A simulation is included to verify the effectiveness of proposed model. It is shown that the planning models and methods have important practical value and improve the reasonability and reliability of the planning of charge station greatly.