河北南部太行山区核桃需水规律研究

Study on the Water Requirement Regularities of Walnut Tree in the Southern Areas of Hebei Province of Taihang Mountain

以冀南太行山区9年生核桃树为研究材料,采用根框法、不同灌水方式、不同灌水量和不同灌水时间等方法,研究了冀南太行山区核桃树根系分布、土壤含水量、果实产量、品质和新梢生长量,以期为冀南太行山区核桃合理灌溉提供参考依据。结果表明:冀南太行山区核桃树适宜的灌水位置,在树干到树冠外围垂直投影的70%处,0~40 cm的土层内;适宜的灌水方式是沟灌;适宜的灌水量为0.55 m3·株-1·次-1,全年折合726 m3·hm-2;适宜的灌水时间为萌芽前和果实膨大期各浇1水。

Taking 9-year-old walnut trees as test material,the absorbing roots distribution,soil water content,fruit yield,fruit quality and the new shoot growth were studied in the southern areas of Hebei Province of Taihang Mountain using the methods of root box,different irrigation methods,different irrigation quantity and different irrigation time.The water requirement regularities would provide theoretical reference foundations for reasonable irrigation of walnut in this region.The results showed that in the southern areas of Hebei Province of Taihang Mountain,the suitable irrigation position was at the 70%of the walnut tree canopy vertical projection outer radius and the soil depth was within 0 to 40 cm.The suitable irrigation method was furrow irrigation.The suitable irrigation quantity was 0.55 m3 each tree per time and it was equivalent to 726 m3·hm-2 all year.The suitable irrigation period was water one time in the before sprouting period and the fruit swelling period,respectively.