丝棉木叶片花色苷的提取、稳定性和成分研究

Studies on Extraction,Stability and Composition of Anthocyanins From Leaves of Euonymus maackii

以秋冬季丝棉木的红色叶片为材料,研究叶片中花色苷的提取工艺和不同条件下的稳定性,并采用高效液相色谱法对其成分做出鉴定。结果表明:丝棉木叶片中花色苷的最佳提取方法为以90%甲醇-0.1 mol·L-1盐酸作为提取液,提取温度为60℃,提取时间为3 h,料液比为1∶40 g·mL-1。花色苷对日光敏感,在酸性条件下稳定,60℃以下比较稳定,Pb2+、Fe2+、Fe3+和Cu2+对花色苷有破坏作用,不耐氧化剂和还原剂,麦芽糖对其稳定性也有较大影响。花色苷的主要成分为飞燕草素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷和矢车菊素-3-半乳糖苷。

The red leaves of E.maackii in autumn and winter were used as materials to study the extraction process of anthocyanins in leaves and the stability under different conditions,and the components were identified by high performance liquid chromatography.The results showed that the best extraction method of anthocyanins in E.maackii leaves was 90%methanol-0.1 mol·L-1 hydrochloric acid as extraction solution,60℃extraction temperature and extraction time three hours,solid-liquid ratio was 1∶40 g·mL-1.Anthocyanins were sensitive to sunlight,stable under acidic conditions,stable below 60℃.Pb2+、Fe2+、Fe3+and Cu2+had a destructive effect on anthocyanins.Anthocyanins were not resistant to oxidants and reducing agents.Maltose also had a great influence on their stability.The main components of anthocyanins were delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside and cyanidin-3-galactoside.